Ever thought about why the Maltese Cross, or Lychnis, is key for bright summer gardens? It's not just for looks; it draws in pollinators too. Learn how this perennial flower can make your garden stand out.
Let's dive into the story of this eye-catching bloom. We'll also share tips on growing it successfully.
Introducing the Maltese Cross Flower
The Maltese Cross, known as Lychnis chalcedonica, is a beautiful perennial flower that loves full sun. It belongs to the carnation family, Caryophyllaceae, and comes from Eastern Europe and Asia. The plant has strong stems that can reach 3-4 feet tall, with green leaves.
Its standout feature is the bright orange-red flowers shaped like a cross. These flowers grow in clusters on the tall stems. Each flower is about 3-4 inches wide, making the plant look amazing when it blooms in late June to early July.
| Attribute | Statistic |
|---|---|
| Prime Flowering Season | Late June to Early July |
| Plant Height | 20 to 40 inches |
| Flower Spread | Brilliant flowers, each no more than an inch wide when open |
| Stamens and Styles | 5 stamens and 5 styles |
| Geographic Distribution | Naturalized across the northern tier of states from Idaho/Montana to the east coast and the lower Canadian Provinces |
| Naturalized in Minnesota | Reported only in St. Louis and Chisago Counties |
| Planting History | Seeds planted in the garden in 1915, 1938, 1947, 1948, and 1953 |
| Taxonomy | Genus Silene prefers over the Lychnis genus by the U of M Herbarium and the MN Department of Natural Resources |
| Author | Ernst Hans Ludwig Krause (1859-1942) published several studies of plants, including Flora von Rostock. |
Planting and Care Guide
The Maltese Cross flower loves well-drained, fertile soil and full sun. When planting, add organic compost or peat to get the soil right, aiming for a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. This plant needs regular watering, especially in hot summers and when it's growing from seed.
For the best results, plant Maltese Cross in spring or fall in warmer areas. It grows well in USDA zones 3 to 10. Keeping the plant healthy means removing dead flowers and sick leaves. You might also need to support the tall stems. With the right care, it will come back every year.
- Maltese Cross plants grow three to four feet tall.
- Maltese Cross flowers bloom in early to mid-Summer.
- Maltese Cross seeds germinate in 10 - 15 days.
- Ideal plant spacing for Maltese Cross is 12" - 15" apart.
| Characteristic | Details |
|---|---|
| Soil pH | Ideal soil pH for Maltese Cross plants: 6.5 - 7.5. |
| Hardiness Zones | Maltese Cross plants are perennial in USDA Hardiness Zones 3 through 10. |
| Sunlight Requirements | Maltese Cross prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade, which may result in taller growth. |
| Germination | When grown from seed, Maltese Cross requires soil temperatures of at least 65°F for outdoor planting and a germination period of 14 to 21 days at temperatures between 65°F and 70°F. |
| Plant Size | The Maltese Cross typically reaches a height of 2 to 4 feet and spreads from 10 to 18 inches wide. |
| Bloom Time | Maltese Cross has an average growth rate and may not bloom until mid- to late summer in the first year, but blooms earlier in subsequent seasons. |
| Maintenance | Deadheading promotes prolonged and abundant blooming while reducing re-seeding. |
| Pests and Diseases | The Maltese Cross is disease- and pest-resistant, with deer and rabbits avoiding it, but attracting butterflies, bees, moths, and hummingbirds. |
Maltese Cross Flower Attributes
The Maltese Cross flower is a stunning perennial that catches the eye with its unique cross-shaped blooms. It comes in vibrant scarlet-red, white, and pink colors. The plant blooms in early to mid-summer, offering a brief but beautiful display that lasts 2-3 weeks.
This plant grows upright, reaching 3-4 feet tall and 1 foot wide. Its mid-green leaves set off the striking flowers. Even though it doesn't have a scent, it's a favorite among hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees.
The Maltese Cross is deer and rabbit resistant, perfect for gardens. It originated in Eastern Europe, Siberia, and China. Carl Linnaeus named it in 1753 as Lychnis chalcedonica, and it got its new name, Silene chalcedonica, in 1901.
This flower has become very popular, winning the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. With its bright colors, adaptable growth, and easy care, it's a great addition to any summer garden.
Designing with Maltese Cross Flower
The Maltese Cross flower is a versatile perennial that fits many garden styles. Its bold color and unique shape stand out in cottage gardens, wildflower meadows, and traditional borders. It looks great with yellow flowers like coreopsis or black-eyed Susan, creating beautiful contrasts.
This plant is medium height, making it perfect as an "infill" among taller plants or shrubs. For a natural look, mix it with phlox, yarrow, and alyssum in a wildflower mix. It's a resilient and low-care plant that adds color to your garden all summer.
Using Maltese Cross in your garden design is a smart choice. It's reliable and adds beauty and interest to your landscape. Its long-lasting blooms and easy care make it a great addition to any garden.
